description

Beta-glucan + d-panthenol penetrate lipid layer to rehydrate, rebalance microflora + skin ph.this hydrating tonic is designed to balance the liquid content of skin cells with the lipids that surround them. in doing so, it provides necessary support for the stratum corneum to be self-sufficient. the stratum corneum contains multiple layers of flattened cells (corneocytes), encased in a thick coating of fat or lipids. arranged into pairs of sheets (lamellar membranes), these lamellar lipid bi-layers fill spaces between the cells, providing a formidable barrier to the outflow of water from skin (transepidermal water loss).most water-based moisturizers seep into the lamellar layers of the sc, leaching water from skin cells—potentially why conventional mists or toners can leave skin more dehydrated. our biomimetic design has produced a one-of-a-kind tonic, composed of humectants with distinctive similarity to the skin’s lamellar structure. since maintaining lamellar membrane integrity also protects the contents of the skin cells, the tonic not only promotes liquid/lipid balances, it also restores and improves overall barrier function. tonic is 4 fl. oz.

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